Download CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN PEDIATRICS 22nd edition PDF
Download CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN PEDIATRICS 22nd edition PDF
Before we go into deep description we should discuss some core basics in pediatrics.
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BONE FRACTURES IN PEDIATRICS
Pediatric orthopedic trauma comprises approximately 10% to 15% of all childhood injuries, and almost half of all children will sustain a childhood fracture. Because of the dynamic nature of skeletal growth and immaturity of the bony architecture, fractures in children differ from those in adults in regard to patterns of occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment. Injuries in children more frequently result in fractures than ligamentous injuries or sprains because the increased porosity and pliability of bones in children makes them more susceptible to fracture.
CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN PEDIATRICS 22nd edition PDF
Moreover, children are susceptible to growth plate injuries, which may be difficult to diagnose but can result in long-term growth abnormalities or growth arrest. Therefore, careful attention is required in the evaluation and management of pediatric patients presenting with orthopedic injuries.Each age group has typical mechanisms of injury and common fractures.
When evaluating newborns and infants with injuries, one should maintain a high index of suspicion for nonaccidental trauma because this is a leading cause of fracture in this age group.Injuries in toddlers and school-aged children most often result from falls. During adolescence, injuries become similar to those of adults and are often sustained in sports or through high-energy mechanisms, such as motor vehicle collisions.The evaluation of a patient with a possible fracture begins with a thorough history and physical examination. Important information to gather on history includes mechanism of injury and the presence of any numbness or tingling. Physical examination should begin with visual inspection for obvious deformity; palpation for point(s) of maximal tenderness; and a thorough neurovascular examination, including comparison of pulses, capillary refill, sensation, and motor function between affected and unaffected regions.
Radiographic evaluation should follow history and physical examination if suspicion for fracture remains and almost always begins with plain films. It is important to obtain multiple views, which include the joint above and below the area of injury.
SUMMARY FOR CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN PEDIATRICS 22nd edition PDF
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